What is Prescription Drug Abuse
Prescription drug abuse is the use of a prescription medication in a way not intended by the prescribing doctor (what prescription drugs are most commonly abused). Prescription drug abuse or problematic use includes everything from taking a friend's prescription painkiller for your backache to snorting or injecting ground-up pills to get high. Drug abuse may become ongoing and compulsive, despite the negative consequences.
The prescription drugs most often abused include opioid painkillers, anti-anxiety medications, sedatives and stimulants. Early identification of prescription drug abuse and early intervention may prevent the problem from turning into an addiction. Signs and symptoms of prescription drug abuse depend on the specific drug. Because of their mind-altering properties, the most commonly abused prescription drugs are: used to treat pain, for example medications containing oxycodone — such as Oxycontin and Percocet — and those containing hydrocodone — such as Norco such as alprazolam (Xanax) and diazepam (Valium), and such as zolpidem (Ambien), used to treat anxiety and sleep disorders such as methylphenidate (Ritalin, Concerta, others), dextroamphetamine and amphetamine (Adderall XR, Mydayis), and dextroamphetamine (Dexedrine), used to treat attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) and certain sleep disorders Signs and symptoms of prescription drug abuse Opioids Anti-anxiety medications and sedatives Stimulants Constipation Nausea Feeling high (euphoria) Slowed breathing rate Drowsiness Confusion Poor coordination Increased dose required for pain relief Worsening or increased sensitivity to pain with higher doses (hyperalgesia) Drowsiness Confusion Unsteady walking Slurred speech Poor concentration Dizziness Problems with memory Slowed breathing Increased alertness Feeling high Irregular heartbeat High blood pressure High body temperature Reduced appetite Insomnia Agitation Anxiety Paranoia Other signs include: Stealing, forging or selling prescriptions Taking higher doses than prescribed Excessive mood swings or hostility Increase or decrease in sleep Poor decision-making Appearing to be high, unusually energetic or revved up, or sedated Requesting early refills or continually "losing" prescriptions, so more prescriptions must be written Seeking prescriptions from more than one doctor Talk with your doctor if you think you may have a problem with prescription drug use. how to combat prescription drug abuse.
It's easier to tackle the problem early before it becomes an addiction and leads to more-serious problems. Teens and adults abuse prescription drugs for many reasons, such as: To feel good or get high To relax or relieve tension To reduce appetite or increase alertness To experiment with the mental effects of the substance To maintain an addiction and prevent withdrawal To be accepted by peers or to be social To try to improve concentration and academic or work performance Some people fear that they may become addicted to medications prescribed for medical conditions, such as painkillers prescribed after surgery.
Why Are Stimulant Prescription Drugs Typically Abused
Prescription drug abuse can happen at any age, but commonly begins in teens or young adults. Risk factors for prescription drug abuse include: Past or present addictions to other substances, including alcohol and tobacco Family history of substance abuse problems Certain pre-existing psychiatric conditions Exposure to peer pressure or a social environment where there's drug use Easier access to prescription drugs, such as having prescription medications in the home medicine cabinet Lack of knowledge about prescription drugs and their potential harm Prescription drug abuse in older adults is a growing problem, especially when they combine drugs with alcohol.
Abusing prescription drugs can cause a number of problems. Prescription drugs can be especially dangerous — and even lead to death — when taken in high doses, when combined with other prescription drugs or certain over-the-counter medications, or when taken with alcohol or illegal or recreational drugs. Here are examples of serious consequences of prescription drug abuse: can cause low blood pressure, a slowed breathing rate and potential for breathing to stop, or a coma.
can cause memory problems, low blood pressure and slowed breathing. Overdose can cause coma or death. Abruptly stopping the medication may cause withdrawal symptoms that can include nervous system hyperactivity and seizures. can cause dangerously high body temperature, heart problems, high blood pressure, seizures or tremors, hallucinations, aggressiveness, and paranoia.
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Can Prescription Drug Abuse Cause Mental Illness
Physical dependence (also called tolerance) is the body's response to long-term use. People who are physically dependent on a drug may need higher doses to get the same effects and may experience withdrawal symptoms when cutting back or abruptly stopping the drug. Physical dependence may also become evident if a drug the body becomes adjusted to over time, even without dosage change, is stopped abruptly.
Other potential consequences include: Engaging in risky behaviors because of poor judgment Using illegal or recreational drugs Being involved in crime Motor vehicle accidents Decreased academic or work performance Troubled relationships Prescription drug abuse may occur in people who need painkillers, sedatives or stimulants to treat a medical condition. If you're taking a commonly abused drug, here are ways to reduce your risk: Make sure your doctor clearly understands your condition and the signs and symptoms.
Ask your doctor whether there's an alternative medication with ingredients that have less potential for addiction. Talk with your doctor on a regular basis to make sure that the medication you're taking is working and you're taking the right dose (how does prescription drug abuse affect your health). Use your medication the way it was prescribed. Don't stop or change the dose of a drug on your own if it doesn't seem to be working without talking to your doctor.
How To Treat Prescription Drug Abuse
Ask your doctor or pharmacist about the effects of your medication, so you know what to expect. Also check if other drugs, over-the-counter products or alcohol should be avoided when taking this medication. Everyone is different. Even if you have a similar medical condition, it may not be the right medication or dose for you.
Prescription drugs are commonly misused substances by young people. Follow these steps to help prevent your teen from abusing prescription medications. Emphasize to your teen that just because drugs are prescribed by a doctor doesn't make them safe — especially if they were prescribed to someone else or if your child is already taking other prescription medications.
Emphasize the importance of taking the prescribed dose and talking with the doctor before making changes. Using alcohol with medications can increase the risk of accidental overdose. Keep track of drug quantities and keep them in a locked medicine cabinet. Some websites sell counterfeit and dangerous drugs that may not require a prescription. how does abusing prescription drugs affect the brain.
Does Prescription Drug Abuse Lead To Oipioid Addiction
Check the label or patient information guide for disposal instructions, or ask your pharmacist for advice on disposal. what are the most commonly abused prescription drugs. Show more related information Oct. 19, 2018 .
Misuse of prescription opioids, CNS depressants, and stimulants is a serious public health problem in the United States. Although most people take prescription medications responsibly, in 2017, an estimated 18 million people (more than 6 percent of those aged 12 and older) have misused such medications at least once in the past year.7 According to results from the 2017 National Survey on Drug Use and Health, an estimated 2 million Americans misused prescription pain relievers for the first time within the past year, which averages to approximately 5,480 initiates per day.
The reasons for the high prevalence of prescription drug misuse vary by age, gender, and other factors, but likely include ease of access.9 The number of prescriptions for some of these medications has increased dramatically since the early 1990s.10 Moreover, misinformation about the addictive properties of prescription opioids and the perception that prescription drugs are less harmful than illicit drugs are other possible contributors to the problem.11,12 Although misuse of prescription drugs affects many Americans, certain populations such as youth and older adults may be at particular risk.13,14 Misuse of prescription drugs is highest among young adults ages 18 to 25, with 14.4 percent reporting nonmedical use in the past year.
How To Identify Prescription Drug Abuse
NIDA’s Monitoring the Future survey of substance use and attitudes in teens found that about 6 percent of high school seniors reported past-year nonmedical use of the prescription stimulant Adderall® in 2017, and 2 percent reported misusing the opioid pain reliever Vicodin®.17 Although past-year nonmedical use of CNS depressants has remained fairly stable among 12th graders since 2012, use of prescription opioids has declined sharply (can prescription drug abuse cause a stroke).
Nonmedical use of Adderall® increased between 2009 and 2013, but has been decreasing through 2017.17 When asked how they obtained prescription stimulants for nonmedical use, around 60 percent of the adolescents and young adults surveyed said they either bought or received the drugs from a friend or relative. Youth who misuse prescription medications are also more likely to report use of other drugs.
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